Model daily processes by creating and following algorithms (sets of step-by-step instructions) to complete tasks.

Develop programs with sequences and simple loops, to express ideas or address a problem.

Decompose (break down) the steps needed to solve a problem into a precise sequence of instructions.

Develop plans that describe a program’s sequence of events, goals, and expected outcomes.

Give attribution when using the ideas and creations of others while developing programs.

Debug (identify and fix) errors in an algorithm or program that includes sequences and simple loops.

Using correct terminology, describe steps taken and choices made during the iterative process of program development.

Work respectfully and responsibly with others online.

Compare and refine multiple algorithms for the same task and determine which is the most appropriate.

Create programs that include sequences, events, loops, and conditionals.

Decompose (break down) problems into smaller, manageable subproblems to facilitate the program development process.

Modify, remix, or incorporate portions of an existing program into one's own work, to develop something new or add more advanced features.

Use an iterative process to plan the development of a program by including others' perspectives and considering user preferences.

Observe intellectual property rights and give appropriate attribution when creating or remixing programs.

Test and debug (identify and fix errors) a program or algorithm to ensure it runs as intended.

Take on varying roles, with teacher guidance, when collaborating with peers during the design, implementation, and review stages of program development.

Describe choices made during program development using code comments, presentations, and demonstrations.

Seek and incorporate feedback from team members and users to refine a solution that meets user needs.

Incorporate existing code, media, and libraries into original programs, and give attribution.

Systematically test and refine programs using a range of test cases.

Distribute tasks and maintain a project timeline when collaboratively developing computational artifacts.

Ask questions, make observations, and gather information about a situation people want to change to define a simple problem that can be solved through the development of a new or improved object or tool.

Develop a simple sketch, drawing, or physical model to illustrate how the shape of an object helps it function as needed to solve a given problem.

Define a simple design problem reflecting a need or a want that includes specified criteria for success and constraints on materials, time, or cost.

Generate and compare multiple possible solutions to a problem based on how well each is likely to meet the criteria and constraints of the problem.

Define the criteria and constraints of a design problem with sufficient precision to ensure a successful solution, taking into account relevant scientific principles and potential impacts on people and the natural environment that may limit possible solutions.

Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem.