Model daily processes by creating and following algorithms (sets of step-by-step instructions) to complete tasks.

Model the way programs store and manipulate data by using numbers or other symbols to represent information.

Develop programs with sequences and simple loops, to express ideas or address a problem.

Decompose (break down) the steps needed to solve a problem into a precise sequence of instructions.

Debug (identify and fix) errors in an algorithm or program that includes sequences and simple loops.

Compare and refine multiple algorithms for the same task and determine which is the most appropriate.

Create programs that include sequences, events, loops, and conditionals.

Decompose (break down) problems into smaller, manageable subproblems to facilitate the program development process.

Use an iterative process to plan the development of a program by including others' perspectives and considering user preferences.

Ask questions, make observations, and gather information about a situation people want to change to define a simple problem that can be solved through the development of a new or improved object or tool.

Define a simple design problem reflecting a need or a want that includes specified criteria for success and constraints on materials, time, or cost.

Define the criteria and constraints of a design problem with sufficient precision to ensure a successful solution, taking into account relevant scientific principles and potential impacts on people and the natural environment that may limit possible solutions.

Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem.